Describe and Evaluate the Evolutionary Theory of Food Preferences

Describe and evaluate the evolutionary theory of food preferences According to an evolutionary approach current human behaviour can be understood in terms of how it may have been adaptive in our ancestral past. Evolutionary theorists are concerned with behaviour which is adaptive and having survival value, these researchers look for ultimate explanations. Current behaviours may be maladaptive and dysfunctional but can be understood as having been adaptive and functional in some way.To undertake this type of analysis they draw on the theory of natural selection and suggest that all species including humans, evolve through a process of natural selection and that only those characteristics that confer advantage or at least do not confer disadvantage survive as the species evolve. This is an interactionist approach, as an individual’s genetic predisposition is assumed to interact with their environment. In terms of eating behaviour, an evolutionary psychologist is interested in th e following questions: â€Å"Are there innate preferences for certain foods? †, â€Å"How would these preferences have been adaptive in the past? and â€Å"How do these preferences function now? † Early research by Davis investigated the eating behaviour of infants and young children. Davis observed the kinds of choice children living in a paediatric unit made in relation to their diet. Based on her data, Davis concluded that young children have an innate, regulatory mechanism and are able to select a healthy diet. However she emphasized that they could only do this if healthy food was available and suggested that the children’s food preferences changed over time and ere modified by experience. Subsequent research has provided further support for some form of innate regulatory mechanisms.For example, there is consistent evidence that newborn babies demonstrate innate food preferences. Using facial expressions and sucking behaviour as an index of preference, bab ies have been shown to prefer sweet tasting substances and to reject bitter tastes. There is also some evidence for an innate preference for salt, based on animal research, although this has been controversial together, these studies suggest that some food preferences are innate. Beauchamp and Moran (1982) reported however that six month old babies who were accustomed to drinking sweetened water drank more sweetened water than those babies who were not.So although innate food preferences may exist, these may be modified very quickly by learning and familiarity. Our early human ancestors lived in hunter-gatherer communities in which the men were responsible for hunting and the women were responsible for gathering. Their diets consisted mainly of fruits, berries, vegetables and some meat. Our innate food preferences can be explained in different forms. An innate preference for sweet foods would have encouraged people to eat fruit with its natural fructose content. Sweet foods in natur e provide important calories which are needed for energy.Natural avoidance of bitter foods would have helped to protect people from eating food that was poisonous. This would also have been helped by neophobia. A preference for salt is less easy to explain, although we do know that salt is essential for the sodium balance in our bodies. Sheep manage their sodium levels by licking naturally occurring minerals that contain salt because grass has very low sodium content. Human beings on the other hand have very little need for additional salt, particularly if they eat meat.The innate preference for salt may therefore have originally functioned by encouraging people to eat meat. In our ancestral past the main challenge facing people would have been avoiding malnutrition by eating enough food to support a physically active lifestyle. Our innate food preferences may have helped us to survive. However for much of the modern world, food is no longer scarce and our lives are no longer as phy sically active. Nowadays a preference for sweet foods may no longer encourage a person to eat berries, but rather to eat highly calorific, energy-dense foods, such as chocolate bars.Furthermore a preference for salty foods may facilitate the consumption of high-fat foods flavoured with salt, such as chips and processed foods. An evolutionary explanation for obesity has been put forward based on biological preferences for foods which cause overeating and problems with weight in our modern world, which has been called an â€Å"obesongenic environment†. There are many factors in our environment, such as fast food outlets and cars, which encourage an unhealthy lifestyle and may contribute to higher levels of obesity.Like biological explanations, evolutionary explanations of eating might be regarded as an oversimplification by suggesting that adaptiveness is the single, guiding principle. Such explanations are also determinists as they propose that eating behaviour is determined b y past environments, thereby overlooking the notion of free will and the fact that human behaviour is affected by many other factors such as thought, emotions and social factors. Evolutionary drives are moderated and modified by social drives. Evolutionary approaches can explain innate food preferences that were important for our ancestor’s survival.An innate preference for sweet foods may lead us to consume energy-dense foods, such as chocolate bars, which are longer needed in the current obesogenic environment of the Western world, and can help to explain the recent upsurge in obesity. Innate preferences for food can be used to demonstrate the wisdom of the body, the existence of biological drives and also the importance of the environment. It is also difficult to measure eating behaviour accurately in a research context. The central concept of adaptiveness can be applied to many behaviours, including eating and is difficult to demonstrate empirically or disapprove.This mea ns that we have no means of establishing the validity of the explanation. A strength of evolutionary explanations is that they consider ultimate causes and so may lead to more valid ways of treating seemingly maladaptive behaviours by taking account of their adaptive significance and not merely focusing on the proximate problem. Evolutionary explanations appear to suggest that we are no longer adapting to changing environmental conditions. Some scientists believe that humans are continuing to evolve both physically and psychological and are doing so at a faster rate that any other close species.

It Is the Experiences of Childhood That Determines Who We Will Become. Discuss Essay

Khaled Hosseini’s The Kite Runner enunciates how we become products of who we are when young. Amir, to win his father’s approval allows for the rape of his friend, Hassan to occur. In the process he becomes an insomniac. However Amir is able to redeem himself by rescuing Sohrab from further abuse by the Taliban. Similarly, Baba is never able to overcome his guilt of not acknowledging Hassan as his son, and thus leads a tormented life. Assef too, being a child with treacherous views grows to be a member of the Taliban. Amir, to win his father’s approval allows for the rape of Hassan to occur and becomes an insomniac as a result. Amir, believing Hassan is the ‘price (he) (has) to pay’, allows him to be raped, causing him to carry an enormous amount of guilt and shame with him, until he seeks redemption, forcing him to become an ‘insomniac’, as he is no longer able to be at peace with himself. By moving to America, Amir believes he can ‘bury (his) memories’ and forget the traumatic events of the winter of 1975. However, the amount of guilt Amir is carrying with him for not correcting his wrongdoings is what forces him to eventually return to Kabul and seek redemption. Amir, who is a ‘coward’ when a child, remains so until he is forced to sacrifice himself for Hassan, by facing Assef in order to rescue Sohrab, and ultimately gain redemption. Baba leads a tormented life as he is never able to overcome his guilt of not acknowledging Hassan as his son. Baba, because of his childhood, is never able to bring himself to admit that Hassan is own son and as a result is a ‘tortured soul’. Throughout his childhood, Baba growing up with Ali, becomes aware of the social inequalities between them, and this affects his inability to claim Hassan as his own son. Baba grows up with a sense of superiority at being a Pashtun, which is the biggest reason holding him back from owning up to his actions. As it is a ‘shameful situation’, Baba does much charitable work in order to achieve redemption, but nothing he does is able to overcome his guilt and shame at not giving Hassan the life he deserves, as a Pashtun. Assef, who has horrific thoughts and views as a child grows to be a member of the Taliban. Throughout his childhood, Assef bullies many of the neighbourhood children, being viewed as a ‘sociopath’, controlling them through his ‘stainless steel brass knuckles’, and keeping them at a fearful distance from himself. Assef has a shocking ‘vision’ of eradicating the Hazaras, and being a member of the Taliban years later, this is put into practice, when all the Hazaras in Mazar-i-Sharif are massacred. Assef, being a bully in childhood, obtains a sense of power through controlling those around him through a sense of fear, grows to be a member of the Taliban, who also control the country through the sense of fear they instill in their citizens of Afghanistan. Through Amir, who becomes an insomniac at his guilt and shame of not preventing a horrific crime, Baba, who is a tortured soul at not being able to admit to his actions, and Assef who grows up to be a member of the Taliban from being a bully, Khaled Hosseini’s The Kite Runner demonstrates how we will grow up to be products of who we are when we are young.

Jumping to an Erroneous Conclusion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Jumping to an Erroneous Conclusion - Essay Example However, the recruiter was very persistent in encouraging me to join the military and entailed a lot of benefits that can be gained from joining the military. The recruiter said that when I join the military, I could get the chance to travel around the world, to be a rich person, etc. Because the recruiter is smart, polite, and convincing, I have made an erroneous decision that have changed my life completely. Back then, I was an innocent and a naive senior high school student. The offer of a good life after joining the military have made me trust the recruiter. After graduation, I never really intended to join the military but because the recruiter was so persistent that he came to my house almost every day, I was convinced. In addition, I really wanted to enter college instead of joining the military but since I could not afford college at that time, I decided to join the military. The words of my recruiter instilled in my mind that when a person joins the army, one may experience the benefits of good life such as prospects of becoming rich and being able to travel around the world. When I was in the military, realization eventually crept in: that all the good things in life the recruiter had told me were not true after all. I jumped into an erroneous conclusion simply because of persistent prodding from other people. I failed to conduct a survey or interview from family members, friends, or other people from various perspectives; and neither did I analyze the situation first before arriving at a decision. However, even though the recruiter told me things that did not happen, I still continue serving the country by being an active member of the military. I never regret that I joined the military because I found it challenging and full of discipline. If one would have based on fixed-response attitude surveys, previous experiences, perceptions from others, and one’s own perception, one would have jumped into an erroneous conclusion(Stephens, Leach, Taggart, & Jones, 94).In my case, perceptions from others being inculcated into my own perceptions have made me jumped easily to an erroneous conclusion that all men who joined military will become rich.The perception I have could have influenced also other people so it is essential that a person should be cautious of inculcating it to others without prior analysis. Learning to put a clear boundary between a factual and an erroneous conclusion is deemed necessary to avoid conflicts in the future.

Gap Year, Working Experience, and Competition Essay

Gap Year, Working Experience, and Competition - Essay Example I believe attending college immediately can prove to be more beneficial since it can provide the students with a better opportunity to build a career and increase their skills and earnings. If a student decides to take a â€Å"gap year† or more time before going to college, he will lose the determination and enthusiasm to carry on with his studies. One might consider himself â€Å"too old† to enroll in a college and therefore will lose the chance of building a strong career. Majority of the students lose the opportunity of obtaining a scholarship right after their high school that can be very beneficial in helping them with the tuition fee and other finances of the college. As Nancy Sylvester states â€Å"if a student finds that he qualifies for a grant, he might decide to give college a try. The money can make a difference† Most importantly the knowledge gained from high school would still be fresh in the student’s mind and so he would be able to make use of it in college education. If a student enrolls in college right after the completion of high school, he would have no difficulty in socializing and interacting with his fellow students since they will be of the same age. Group 2: Process Analysis and Narration (1) In approximately 200–350 words, using process analysis and narration techniques, explain how best to ready oneself for an interview With a cut throat competition for jobs in today’s world, qualifying an interview is more vital than it had ever been. The crucial meeting in person with your employer is an individual’s best chance to prove his worth therefore one should try his best to get ready for an interview. Firstly, research the corporation or the institution in advance and try to incorporate that information at some point in the meeting. This will enhance the candidate’s credibility with the person taking the interview and will assist the candidate to form intellectual queries to inquire from the interviewer. As according to Matthew J.Delcua â€Å"since you have taken time to consider how you present yourself, †¦ it is only fair for you to evaluate how the organization presents itself† Secondly get ready to answer some frequently asked questions that interviewer is expected to inquire, for example the weaknesses and strength of the candidate, the reason for applying in a specific corporation and an explanation as to why the employer should hire the applicant. Thirdly one should try to get references from important people like managers, colleagues and professors. Then the applicant must organize the important documents such as resume, collection of one’s work etc so to present them to the interviewer. Most importantly the applicant should dress properly and look professional. For the interview one should arrive at least 15 minutes earlier and remain confident as every interview is an experience to learn and even if one doesn’t get accepted h e will be more prepared the next time. Group 3: Narration and Persuasion   In approximately 200–350 words, using persuasive (argument) techniques, convince a friend or relative that dogs or cats (you must choose one) make better pets. Majority of the people would consent with a fact that keeping a pet is a magnificent experience. However, some pets need plenty of maintenance as dogs bark and require considerable time devotion on one’

Usability evaluation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Usability evaluation - Essay Example Human Computer Interaction (HCI) is a recognized branch of computer engineering which defines various standards to ensure a safe, effective, efficient, appealing and enjoyable user experience while interacting with a computer application or surfing over the internet.Closely related to HCI is the field of usability engineering which ensures user friendliness through effective and efficient Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) or Web Interfaces. Carroll has narrated the aims and objectives of HCI in these words, â€Å"HCI is the study and practice of usability. It is about understanding and creating software and other technology that people will want to use, will be able to use, and will find effective when used† (Carroll, 2002). The intelligent web design is an inevitable business necessity in this age of e-commerce. More often than not better and efficient web design is a matter of existence for businesses. Carey has pointed out the importance of user-friendliness in web applicati ons, â€Å"Businesses must pay attention to the functionality and usability of Internet-based tasks, because the young consumers of tomorrow’s markets will insist on doing business on the Internet and will be intolerant of dysfunctional and unusable systems.† (Carey et. al., 2003, p.360). Usability Evaluation Methods The methodical approach is a mandatory requirement for evaluating web pages. Heuristic Evaluation, Think-aloud and Performance testing are few among these evaluation methods. Each of these methods uses predefined rules to evaluate the website for its ease-of-use and other usability characteristics and have its relative accuracy in evaluating web sites usability. We can also employ a blend of these methods for evaluation purpose which may give us better insight into various met and unmet evaluation standards. This report will use a discounted heuristic method blended with think-aloud method where needed. The discounted heuristic blended with think-aloud will result in a protocol which will assess the website resources for a predefined set of heuristics and the same set of heuristics may be questioned from the naive users of think-aloud method. Usability Evaluation 1. Resource-I (http://sentencingcouncil.judiciary.gov.uk/) a) Consistency of presentation and controls i. The home page of Sentencing Council is loosely consistent. The hovering effect of various con trols is not consistent, on top level links of Home, Contact us etc. it is simple underlining with same text displayed as the feedback to the user the effect is background color change in menu controls like â€Å"About the Sentencing Council†, â€Å"About Sentencing†, etc. Similarly, the punctuation is not consistent at the site. ii. Blue and Gray colors are used consistently but there are used interchangeably i.e for headings and subheadings. iii. The overall impact of the color scheme and the text is consistent. Font size and style remained consistent over the home page. iv. Image used on home page is not tightly linked with the theme of the site. A keyboard with papers on it does not present a sentencing council perfectly. v. A quite large image of interrogation sign used at home page is a bit misleading it does not take you anywhere and creates a sort frustration for the user. b) Adequate Feedback i. There is not enough feedback provided to the user on home page. i i. Hovering is used to show the expected next click of the user but it is not clearly told where this click may navigate the user. iii. The hovering screen tip text is same as that of the label so it does not provide any additional information to the user. c) Natural organization of the information i. The information on the page is well managed ii. A clear page heading, subheadings, labels and menu bar, title heading are provided to clearly define various sections of information. iii. Each section of site provides only related information d) Contextual navigation i. There is enough contextual navigation available on the home page but without any feedback. e) Efficient

External Business Enviroment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

External Business Enviroment - Essay Example De Rome (2006) describes environment as the surroundings where a person or an entity gets influenced. This means the circumstances that surround us are the environment. Same as we perceive the surroundings, the businesses gets affected the same way. Environment is very important when we discuss the nature of the business and its location. Perhaps, the environment controls businesses and can either make them profitable or else shut these off. The word external is described as any force, issue, person, or anything connected to outside, (Bradley C. Karkkainen, 1994 ; William H. Rodgers, 1994). This refers to everything that is connected with the exterior of a certain thing, is called external. External in this report, will be discussed with reference to the forces that influence a change in the business environment and its strategies. U.K. is a well stabled, prosper and a developed nation, and that’s a major reason behind many businessmen who want to invest in United Kingdom. United Kingdom’s environment is a business friendly and is also very welcoming to new trends, which makes the market profitable and every business find a way to the profits because of the cosmopolitan nature of the country. London is considered to be a magnet for global businesses and investors. Moreover, the European Union serves as an addition to the market of London. Businessmen just intend to enter in to the single largest market of the world, with the world leading financial services of the world. By now, it is fairly understood that how is the U.K. environment in terms of businesses, operate and why are the investors so keen to invest in the pool.

Influance and leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Influance and leadership - Essay Example In forming our group, each of the individual’s conduct was driven by the craving to be accepted by the other group members. In this stage, we discussed about the scope of our task as a group and decided on who gets to do what and when next to meet. We had our first meeting where we discussed about the available opportunities and challenges we will face as a group in accomplishing our tasks. In the second stage, storming, every group member had good ideas that required attention and we had to decide on how each group member will perform independently and the leadership model that we would all embrace. In norming stage, we had all agreed on one group goal and were all working to attain the goal. Some of members of the group had to sacrifice their ideas for the attainment of the goal where we came up with the lessons for the manger from the American gangster movies. The final performance stage was characterized by members of the group working together smoothly to achieve the set goals. Our main goal was to identify the various lessons that managers can learn from the American gangster movies by Denzel Washington. These lessons would include the personality, nature and decision making values that are portrayed by Denzel Washington and how one can be able to deal with conflicts and lastly pin point the major leadership traits. These were smart goals that any manager and leader would want to be familiar with. In our group, we used both push and pull styles of influencing. In the pull strategy, we employed collaborative approach where everyone was included in decision making, we also used the assertive approach where we could directly and confidently enquire for what we all want and don’t desire in the group. We also employed the use of personal attraction through enthusiasm, trust and respect and by being more visionary (Vecchio, 2007, pp.67). We also used the push strategy where the leader used force and set rules and standards within

Business Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 8

Business Law - Essay Example The offer letter was also duly signed by Jennings, further confirming his intention to offer the car for sale to Wheeler. The offer letter, sent by any means like post or through personal delivery, was duly received by Wheeler and this fact is confirmed by his subsequent action, viz., to accept the offer and tendering the sale price of $13,500 on 29 September. Thus Jennings’ letter of September 1 to Wheeler is a valid offer on the date of its acceptance by Wheeler. This offer was not withdrawn or amended by Jennings before Wheeler communicated his acceptance. Wheeler responded to the offer letter by accepting it on 29 September and tendering the sale price. The date of acceptance is well within the validity period of the offer viz., October 9. However, it is seen that till September 15, there was no communication from Wheeler to Jennings and this period of silence can be construed as a fair and reasonable period of waiting for Jennings to decide on his next course of action if he thought that Wheeler may not be interested in the offer. However, since no consideration was exchanged between the two parties, Jennings was free to revoke his offer at any time. The options available for Jennings as on September 15 are a) to wait for Wheeler’s response till the expiry of the validity period of the offer or, b) to withdraw his offer (rescind or revoke) and to sell off the item to another person. Waiting for Wheeler’s response till October 9 would have given unilateral freedom of action to Jennings since the validity of the offer expires on that date. In case Jennings was in a position to make the sale by an earlier date, he could do so but he should have first withdrawn his offer to Wheeler on the grounds that a) he received no consideration and that b) he had waited for a reasonable time period viz. up to September 15 to hear Wheeler’s response. His action to dispose off the car without withdrawing the offer made to Wheeler

Introduction to Policy Process Framework Dissertation

Introduction to Policy Process Framework - Dissertation Example A fact worth noting is that without such a regulatory policy, many of the private insurers exploited consumers in different ways. For example, consumers of health insurance lacked adequate information concerning the available services offered in the marketplace. Each of these stakeholders contributed immensely to the development of the provision that requires private insurers to have an interactive marketplace. Consumers recognized that the policy would place them in a better position to understand the different available policies and make the right choice concerning the preferred health insurance coverage. Consultation with different stakeholders and interest groups led to the development of the policy that needed to be implemented by private insurers (Tate, 2012). Specifically, the government exhibits a measure of control on the premium rates defined by private insurers. The government does so to ensure that private insurance companies do not exploit Americans. There was a heated d ebate concerning the structure of the marketplace because it differed from what many stakeholders knew. The development of the structure of the modern marketplace depended on the views of all the stakeholders. The Affordable Care Act has provisions that represent redistributive policies. Specifically, the Affordable Care Act outlines that rich Americans should be highly taxed so that the taxes can cover the health insurance of lower social class. There is an existing gap between the upper class and the lower class because the rich have access to more opportunities. A close analysis of the uninsured in the United States reveals that the lower class cannot afford health insurance coverage. Additionally, the lower class is denied opportunities of having health insurance coverage because of the premium rates determined by the insurance companies (Morgan & Boardman, 2012).

Infosys Write Up Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Infosys Write Up - Essay Example Infosys Technologies has established a smaller firm with the name ICI, which is established in get knowledge about IT consultancy business. The company Infosys Technologies is interested in IT consultancy because it is the current business of the market and the companies are getting good revenues on the basis of the new market trend of information technology consultancy business. The company showed interest in consultancy business because of its interest in extra revenue, expansion and the client’s needs and requirements regarding IT consultancy. The company has many strengths on the basis of which, it is going to appear better than its competitors before its clients. The company also has some weaknesses but the company is interested to control and improve all its weak to progress, expand and get better. The company Infosys Technologies and Infosys Consultancy (ICI) are going to face some challenges in their interface development such as the communication development challenge and management challenge. The establishment of a subsidiary firm is beneficial for the parent company, Infosys Technologies. Infosys is a well established firm that enjoys a reputable position in the market. It is suggested by the administrators of the firm that the firm will be the foremost firm in a couple of years on the basis of its technologies and growth of information technology. Infosys Technologies has a number of competitors in the market such as IBM, EDS, Accenture, Wipro Limited, Tata Consultancy Services and many more (Info Consulting in 2006). With all these firms in market of information technology and business, Infosys faced a full-fledged challenge in the market. The position of the company Infosys Technologies in December 2005 was at 9th number (Info Consulting in 2006). The company Infosys Technologies after being developed into ICI comes up with greater success and ambitions for its clients and employees. Because of its competition with many

Kingdom of Heaven Essay Example for Free

Kingdom of Heaven Essay Kingdom of Heaven is about a man named Balian from Ibelin who travels to Jerusalem during the crusades of the 12th century, and there he finds himself as the defender of the city and its people. During this movie Balian’s wife commits suicide and he kills his own brother and runs away from the village. Throughout the film Balian tries to gain forgiveness from his father and redemption. The movie concludes as Balian is joined by his new girlfriend Sibylla, and they pass by the grave of Balians wife, they ride toward a new life together. Kingdom of heaven is a historically accurate movie due to the clothes they wore, modes of transportation and the weapons that they used. To prove that this movie is accurate is that the clothes are similar to what they actually wore in the 12th century Crusades. The types of clothes they used in the movie were thin cloth type shirts, pants and leather sewn shoes. For instance â€Å"The shirt is a simple tunic, probably of lightweight linen or silk.†[†¦] â€Å"The man’s legs should be covered with leg wraps or hosen.†(http://www.threeriver.org/marshal/wm_clothing.shtml). This quote shows what a man would wear in the 12th century. This next quote goes over the type of footwear that would be worn in the 12th century. â€Å"[B]rief overview of 12th Century shoe construction and history.†[†¦] â€Å" They are similar to a soft leather moccasin.† ( http://www.threeriver.org/marshal/shoes_1.shtml). Therefore those quotes prove the similarity between what type of clothes and shoes they used in the movie and the ones from the 12th century. Also the modes of transportation from the Kingdom of Heaven and the 12th century are very similar. They both got around by horseback riding. In the movie the horses were also used in battles as they wore armour and in the crusades they also used horses for battle. For example â€Å" Stallions were often used as war horses in Europe due to their natural aggression and hot-blooded tendencies.†(http://www.medievalwarfare.info/weapons.htm) This quote proves that they really did use horses as a mode of transportation. This next quote shows that they called the stallions warhorses. â€Å"The Knights themselves used different Middle Ages weapons riding on their warhorses† ( http://www.middle-ages.org.uk/middle-ages-weapons.htm). These quotes prove that back in the 12th century they used horses as transportation and also in battle. Furthermore they show how the Kingdom of Heaven is a historically accurate movie due to the modes of transportation. Lastly the weapons used in Kingdom of Heaven are accurate to what was really used in the Crusades. Some weapons that were used in the movie that were also used in the real Crusades include swords, shields, masks, and body armour. For example, â€Å"[W]eapons were used by the Knights Templar, Teutonic Knights and the Hospitallers to fight in the crusades.†[†¦] â€Å"every knight had spent their whole lives gaining expertise in the use of the lance, swords and daggers.† ( http://www.middle-ages.org.uk/middle-ages-weapons.htm). These quotes prove that the weapons used in the crusades include swords and daggers which were also used in the movie. â€Å"The Medieval period of history was extremely violent.†[†¦] â€Å"Medieval Weapons were used by the religious knights who fought in the Crusades.†( http://www.medieval-life-and-times.info/medieval-weapons/index.htm) This shows that the medieval weapons were in fact used by the knights who fought in the crusades. Therefore the weapons shown in the Kingdom of Heaven are historically accurate. In conclusion Kingdom of Heaven is a Historically accurate movie because the clothes they wore, modes of transportation they used and weapons they used in the movie are similar to what they actually wore and used in the 12th century crusades. The evidence proves that they wore thin cloth type clothing, rode horseback and used swords shields and armour which proves that it is in fact historically accurate. Research proves that the movie is in fact historically accurate because the clothes, transportation and weapons are all generally similar to what was actually used back then in the crusades, such as cloth clothing, horses and swords. Overall, the Kingdom of Heaven gives a good explanation as to what happened in the Crusades of the 12th century and is a very entertaining movie to watch. I recommended this to anyone who is interested in history, battles and the Crusades. Bibliography Beattie, M. M. Brief Overview of 12th Century Clothing. The Barony of Three Rivers. Retrieved November 3rd, 2012, from http://www.threeriver.org/marshal/wm_clothing.shtml Furtado, P. (2005,June 1). Kingdom of Heaven. History Today Kingdom of Heaven (2005) IMDB Movies, TV and Celebrities. Retrieved October 29th, 2012, from http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0320661 MAN OF WAR; Orlando Bloom Plays a Warrior Knight in the Lavish Kingdom of Heaven, a [Pounds Sterling]75 Million Epic about the Crusades. but He Tells Mike Goodridge That His Biggest Battle Is to Be Taken Seriously as a Leading Man. (2005, April 24). The Mail on Sunday (London, England) Mayer, H. E. (1972). The Crusades;. London: Oxford University Press. Medieval Weapons. Medieval Life and Times. Web. 6 Nov. 2012. . Medieval Weapons . Medieval Weapons and Armour. Retrieved October 28th, 2012, from www.medievalwarfare.info/weapons.htm Middle Ages Weapons. Middle Ages. Web. 8 Nov. 2012. . Scott, R. (Director). (2005). Kingdom Of Heaven [Motion picture]. USA: Twentieth Century Fox. Snell, M. Crusades Basics What You Need to Know About the Crusades. Medieval History Life in the Middle Ages and Renaissance. Retrieved November 2nd, 2012, from http://historymedren.about.com/od/crusades/p/crusadesbasics.htm

Lesson Plan in Classroom Program Essay Example for Free

Lesson Plan in Classroom Program Essay In our modern epoch, the time when the only things that are needed for effective learning are the teachers and students is long gone. At the turn of the millennium, the equation to successful teaching also has the variables of classroom schedule, room assignment and even proper assignment of teachers. Although these factors may seem insignificant, all of those can be the telling elements as to whether the highest possible level of edification is attained. During our first teaching episode in our cooperating school, Tagum City National Comprehensive High School, I quickly took notice about the schedule of our CT. Mam Mercado’s schedule is obviously loaded, with only a few minutes of break or rest in between. Her class schedule as well as room assignment was relatively reasonable (in the Philippines’s educational setting). As she is assigned to teach English which is her major, it can be concluded that her students will acquire adequate learning. All these factors greatly contribute to the effectiveness of teaching as well as learning. Having stated that, I realized that for a lesson or a curriculum will be best implemented and taught if all the necessary components, which in this case are the class program, teacher’s assignment and room assignment, are present and well organized. Proper organization can greatly influence and even pad up the interest and enthusiasm of the students. On the part of the teacher, it eases up the tasks to be done knowing that most of these portions which he/she can’t control are put right in place. With that considered, the educational institution can be confident that the zenith of the teaching-leaning process is achieved. Due to some obvious reasons, we were not able to interview our CT about her Class Program. However, she shared to us how important it is to prepare a class program and implement it adaptably. With that, both the teacher and  the learners will know what to do expect as well as do next. With all that has been learned, I realized that there are many dynamics to be considered before effective edification can be professed. Most importantly, proper preparation and implementation of the class program should be given due concern for it can immensely affect learning.

The Human Dive Reflex

The Human Dive Reflex INTRODUCTION: The dive reflex is portrayed as bradycardia caused by submerging an individuals head underwater. In diving vertebrates this occurs in a remarkable manner than compared to humans (Hurwitz Furedy 1986). A diving seal where baseline heart rate rises 100 beats to 10 beats per minute when diving would be an example of this (Hurwitz Furedy 1986). Bradycardia is stated as slow resting heart rate or pulse rate (Tortara Derrickson 2009). Accompanied bradycardia response to breath hold is advantageous for vertebrate as well as humans because it permits physiological processes to adjust to environmental change by redistributing blood flow from periphery (non-essential organs) to brain and other essential organs (Hurwitz et al 1986 Gooden 1994 ) The dive reflex depends on the autonomic control of the heart to begin proper responses, the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) sends impulses through the cardiac accelerator nerve and starts release of norephrine which increases contractility and hear t rate. However parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) works through vagus nerves which end in heart decreasing contractility of the heart by decreasing rate of spontaneous depolarization (Tortara Derrickson 2009). Producing bradycardia response requires the sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system to work antagonistically (Hurwitz Furedy 1984). Dive reflex consists of two stimuli; the stimulation of facial receptors which are responsive to cold and wetness (pressure receptors), and the voluntary or involuntary termination of breathing or a decrease PO2 (Gooden 1994). Facial stimulus travels through the trigeminal to integrated respiratory centre and cardiovascular centre inside medulla oblongata. Inhibitory neural signals generated by facial receptors inhibits respiratory centre consequently triggers termination of respiratory muscles such as the diaphragm and intercostals causing reflex apnoea in order to inhibit aspiration of water (Hiebert Burch 2003). In a ddition, inhibition of respiratory centre stimulates cardiovascular centre and therefore increases parasympathetic activity via vagus nerve to start bradycardia , and as well stimulates sympathetic activity to vasoconstrict arterioles in limbs and non essential organs for instance the skin, intestines, and kidney causing them to rely on anaerobic conditions (Hiebert Burch 2003).This non essential organ vasoconstriction allows the redirection of blood flow to the brain and heart, this guards the brain from injury by supplying as much as oxygen that is needed , and reducing the brains requirement for oxygen by cooling (Hiebert Burch 2003).The decrease in PO2 is sensed by the arterial chemoreceptors from involuntary or voluntary breath hold , stimulates the cardiovascular centre to signal the SNS and PNS to complete the same antagonist functions completed in respiratory inhibition stimulus(Hiebert Burch 2003). Also the expected Bradycardia when simulating dive can be unsuccessful du e to emotional reasons such as fear, being distracted, being embarrassed, or in eagerness to submerge out of water could induce tachycardia response (Gooden 1994). In addition the experiments accomplished will show the stimulus in dive reflex and the physiological reasons behind those reflexes will be discussed. METHOD: First of all the investigation was accomplished using a subject seated on lab stool with the same posture, with their head down, and elbows resting on the bench. Chart 5 was setup and a finger transducer was connected to the subjects index finger. The subject sat quietly to rest heart rate and distractions were kept to smallest amount to avoid false recordings .The subjects palms were facing up to diminish finger movement as a result reducing signal dampening of finger transducer while recording . Prior to undertaking the diving experiments the subject practiced their breath hold; the subject took two deep breaths but not maximal breaths before holding their breath for 30 seconds. Every experiment lasted 1 and half minutes with recordings showing heart rate per min at: rest, 1st 15 seconds of breath hold, 2nd 15 seconds of breath hold, and recovery. For each dive stimulation, this was expected. Prior to the experiments it was noted not to force the subject from simulating a dive or b reath hold if they feel unpleasant doing so. The effect of diving was experimented on using different water temperatures, and snorkelling equipment. The water basin was positioned in front of the subject seated in appropriate posture staying motionless (it was furthermore important for the subject to remain motionless during the experiment as this triggered further signal dampening while recording heart rate) .the subject would take a deep breath and exhale to some extent and submerge their face in water up to cheeks, and yet again heart rate would be recorded for 30 seconds. These events were used for every breath hold dive simulation. For a more detailed method refer to MEDSCI 205 laboratory manual page 35-39. For the analysis of results % change in heart rate was calculated using the equation below: % change The above graph shows the percentage change in heart rate from the effect of apnoea caused by water temperature and pressure changes. The graph above shows the effect of apnoea only on heart rate of the subject which indicates that holding breath has a apparent change in heart rate compared to holding breath in cold water. The above graph represents the percentage change in heart rate due to the effects of temperature. Discussion: Investigating all data gathered from the experiments draw together the fact that bradycardia was observed in most of them. In table 3 the subject showed an increase in heart rate in snorkelling, the standard dive and holding breathing in warm water. As reviewed in the introduction the reason may be due anxiety or distractions which lead to the beginning of tachycardia (Gooden 1994). Snorkelling (shown on table 3) showed a noteworthy increase in heart rate instead of a bradycardia response, the fact that literature proposes on immersing face in water the body must begin reflex apnoea and diving bradycardia (Gooden 1994). Also in resting pulse 1st standard dive the 1st 15 seconds showed an increase in heart rate followed by significant decrease to 69.68 beats per min. The rapid decrease in the 2nd 15 seconds was due to the importance of the body adapting to retain oxygen reserve to supply vital organs (Hurwitz Furedy 1984). Analysing breathing in water with snorkel vs. Holding breath in cold water showed there were not such significant heart rate differences between the two experiments conducted .In breathing in water with a snorkel, there was a steady increase and decrease in heart rate from 7.9 % 16.1% change, but these heart rate measurements were in range if of resting pulse 55.82 beats per min measured at the start of the experiment. In comparison holding breath in cold water showed expected decrease in heart rate from resting pulse by 7.8% decrease in first 15 seconds to 16.6% decrease in second 15 seconds. This experiment shows that voluntary apnoea by itself causes bradycardia through the decreasing levels of PO2 which triggers arterial chemoreceptors ,that sends stimulating the cardiovascular centre to start appropriate responses via the parasympathetic and sympathetic pathways working destructively (Hurwitz Furedy 1984). Snorkelling showed a change in heart rate by 7.9 % and 16.1%, but the reaction was an increase in heart rate than a likely decrease as assumed in literature (Hiebert Burch 2003). Voluntary facial immersions in water according to literature should usually stimuli pressure receptors in face and obstruct respiratory muscles to begin reflex apnoea and in addition stimuli sympathetic to constrain blood flow and stimuli cardiovascular centre to begin bradycardia during the dive is model (Hiebert Burch 2003). Additionally the simulated dive with cold water demonstrated a likely bradycardia response with a decrease change in heart by 7.8% and 16.6% this implies that the sensitivity of cold wet receptors on the face can add to Bradycardia, in effort to reduce oxygen expenditure (Hiebert Burch 2003).While evaluating heart rate values obtained from snorkelling and breath hold in cold water, the experiment showed the stabilizer effects of cold water on decreasing the heart rate and that facia l immersion should show a Bradycardia response. (Hiebert Burch 2003) (Pauler, Pokorski, Honda, Ahn et al 1990. From the analysis of results it can be agreed upon that holding breath in warm water has to some level, less change in heart rate, in the first 15 seconds heart rate increased by 1.3% and decreased by 0.79% in second 15 seconds with a significant 13.1% increase in heart rate in recovery phase well over the normal resting pulse 62.0 beats per min a probable cause may have been anticipation to submerge out of water (Hiebert Burch 2003). Cold water, in comparison demonstrated the expected Bradycardia by illustrating significant change in heart rate from resting pulse by 7.8% in first 15 seconds to 12.3% in second 15 seconds, then restoring back to the resting pulse in the recovery phase. This experiment additionally confirmed that facial receptors are sensitive to cold and that immersion in cold water will constantly associate with a strong decrease in heart rate (Pauler, Pokorski, Honda, Ahn et al 1990). Also the variation in heart rate between warm water and cold water dive simulatio ns point out that cold water has additive effects on heart rate reduction by apnoea (Hiebert Burch 2003). Cold water demonstrated the majority of significant change in heart rate compared to other cues. The probable cause of this would be facial immersion in cold water, as this leads to reducing metabolic functions in an effort to lower the oxygen demand to peripheral tissue caused from hypoxia and tissue cooling (Hiebert Burch 2003). It has been stated by literature, that the higher the temperature the lower bradycardia responses expected the lower the temperature the higher the bradycardia responses expected (Gooden 1994). The second highest change in heart rate was shown in snorkelling which was not expected. The expected result was a small decrease in heart rate to explain pressure / wet receptors stimuli bradycardia (Hiebert Burch 2003).Holding breath in air showed the expected change in heart rate. The other cues experimented showed the added effects to breath hold will increase bradycardia compared to breath hold alone. Also warm water had showed small change in heart rate this pr oposed that it has little or no added effect to dive reflex response. Conclusion In conclusion in all cues experimented with breath hold and facial immersion a commencement bradycardia was observed this proposed that breath hold or apnoea plays an important role in the dive reflex. In addition facial immersion in cold water was established to be the most powerful stimulus of dive reflex.

Phantom Towers: Reconstructing the Normal Essay -- Personal Narrative

Phantom Towers: Reconstructing the Normal Every night before going to bed I used to stare at Manhattan at its best. The tall buildings with the lights on give you the impression of diamonds laid on black velvet. It is such a treat to live on the 26th floor, to not have the suffocating sight of walls and windows obstructing the view. But the scenery has changed drastically since September 11th. White smoke was everywhere. At night the smoke became even more apparent with the shine of the stadium lights at Ground Zero that aided the workers making it through the night. From my window you would not pay attention to the buildings that survived the attack, your eyes could not leave that spot where the fumes and light were glowing. In the same way you see a hurricane from a distance, its dimension, its movement, its strength; in the same way you could see that spot on the tip of Manhattan where light hit the tiny molecules of dust giving an eerie impression of death and spirits. The word "debris" was in the news, in my neighbor's mouths, in the press; but I couldn't think of debris per se, people were scorched to death. The Twin Towers became a crematory of innocents. The souls of the deceased were roaming about before going to the other world, the after-life. No matter the distance, you could see that uncanny cloud even from New Jersey. I stood at my window for hours, hoping to see the black smoke turn to white; a good signal that fire was being extinguished. For a moment, I saw it happening and felt relieved. But the sudden and unexpected surrender of the towers after those agonizing hours filled me with disbelief for I knew I was "witnessing thousands of deaths," as John Updike describes the tragic scene. The follow... ... Professor Gilbert explains, it is what one does with time. I wonder how long this country can live in the fallacy of predictable and understandable normalcy while seeing a world that is neither. Works Cited "Filling the Void." The New York Times Magazine 23 Sept. 2001: 80. Gilbert, Kathleen R. "What is Grief?" 2 Jan. 1997. 9 Dec. 2001. <http://www.indiana.edu/~hperf558/sprng97/unit1.html>. "Kearl's Guide to the Sociology of Death." Kearl's Guide to Sociological Thanatology. 9 Dec. 2001. <http://www.trnity.edu/~mkearl/death.html>. Longaker, Christine. "The Normal Process of Mourning."Spiritual Care Program. 9 Dec. 2001. <http://www.spcare.org/practices/suddendeath/bereavement- processofmourning.html>. Updike, John. Reflection. New Yorker. 24 Sept. 2001. 11 Nov. 2001. <http://www.newyorker.com/THE_TALK_OF_THE_TOWN/?01092ta_talk_wtc>.

Hope in Death Be Not Proud :: Death Be Not Proud Essays

Hope in Death Be Not Proud The novel, Death Be Not Proud, by John Gunther, is the story of the struggle of a child to stay alive. Johnny Gunther Jr.'s constant hope got him out of bed every morning with a positive attitude. His outright opposition to the fact that he was going to die and his determination not to, kept a fiery spirit in him so that he didn't give up. Johnny's stubborn determination to not accept defeat at so early an age, along with the tremendous courage he showed when realizing that he must accept his defeat, is a strong point portrayed in this novel. Johnny's hope, determination, and courage kept his death at bay. One of the main reasons that Johnny remained alive for so much longer than he should have lived, was the hope that he possessed. He hoped every day of his illness that he would get better, that his parents would be spared their grief, or that some doctor would come up with a revolutionary idea that would heal him. Because of his hope, Johnny never complained or protested during the entire course of his illness. He always obeyed the doctors' wishes and followed their instructions to a "T" because he wanted so desparatly to get well. Although he realized that eventually his life would end, he still never gave up the hope that perhaps he could outsmart his fate to die, if just to steal a few extra hours. Each day, until his last, the determination Johnny had to get well, live a normal life, and even maintain his schoolwork was phenominal. After being away from school for sixteen months, being tested constantly by doctors, and having a rapidly deteriorationg brain, Johnny still managed to graduate with his class and be accepted into Harvard. Throughout his illness, Johnny always had an unwavering will to survive, to awake the next morning and find that he was well, that he had only been dreaming the nightmare of his illness. When Johnny awoke each morning however, he felt the bandage on his head and realized that he was living this horrific nightmare. But even th rough this tremendous disappointment, Johnny kept fighting, determined to recuperate. Johnny should be admired for not giving up under the intense emotional burden of knowing that each breath may be his last. Johnny's story is one that will be remembered because of the courage he had.

Human Life And Fire :: essays research papers

Human Life and Fire The world is full of powerful forces. There are forces that effect the entire society and there are forces that only effect a select part of it. One of the most powerful forces of nature is fire. Fire is constantly present in today's society. Whether it be by staying warm or the destruction of private memories and property, fire is an ongoing influence in society. Due to this fact, it is possible to compare fire and life in general. Fire begins with an idea of a spark. Then the spark is made and with the help of kindling, the flame begins to grow. Once a flame begins to grow it can take many paths because of the influences of external forces. If a wind blows, the flames change their direction and velocity and can engulf many other things. On the other hand, if there is no wind, the fire may burn itself to the ground and never reach its full potential. If rain begins, the fire is slowed and may even be stopped for good. Oxygen is necessary for a fire to flourish; without it a fire will whittle and die. Some objects allow fire to burn for years while others burn out very quickly or are not able to be burned at all. No two fires are alike, in what they do. Some roam free while others are confined to an area. A fire is beautiful to some, while to others it is dangerous and hellish. These phrases can be used to illustrate life, as well. Life begins as a type of spark. Some believe that life begins at conception, thus showing that life does begin with a very small, yet significant "spark." Others believe that life begins at birth. This could be related to the beginning "spark" of life through the way a baby enters the world, in material form. Humans begin to grow through their experiences and how they are raised. Each person lives their own life because of the impact these external factors have on them. As times change, people and attitudes change. This is a fact of life. Due to certain outside influences, a person may make the best of themselves or just diminish in the general mass of society. Humans survive and flourish because of their environment. It is general scientific knowledge that humans survive because of the oxygen in the air. Without good oxygen content, humankind could not survive. If a certain part of the country has better air quality, then usually the general public has less health problems, i.

Divorce and American Culture

Culture surrounds us everywhere we go. It reflects the people of the times and when it changes, so do the very people it reflects. A general definition would say that culture, related to society, is a set of norms that govern behavior. Within this set of norms the people of a society do certain rituals and behaviors to fit in with the world around them. Different trends rule the times. Whether it be anti-war protests, to civil rights movements, to legalization of same sex civil unions and even divorce-the people of the times roll with many different ideas and tendencies. The idea of marriage is an old and sacred one. In the Bible, a marriage is seen a holy sacrament between a man and woman that leads to the raising of a family. There is one man and one-woman involved- then with the addition of the holy spirit, the union is supposed to be ever lasting. â€Å"Christian marriage is a sacrament (sacred act approved by God). As a result marriage was very difficult to end, and before the nineteenth century usually ended with death,† (Chan and Haplin, 2001). In the world today, marriage is interpreted in many different ways. Very rarely is it seen as an everlasting contract that can withstand all tests. The revolutions of the 60s, 70s, up through today have severely changed the way people think of marriage. The drug culture has helped redefine the meaning of peace and love and of course, holy unions. People today do not get married out of the idea of love. If they do, it is most often between two young and naive children or young adults that believe that love can conquer all. â€Å"People expect too much from specialized love marriages, and when the love goes so might the marriage. Other cultures unite families through arranged marriages, and these social functions may make them more stable,† (Chan and Haplin, 2001). People have begun to take advantage of the system and get married because of benefits they can receive. For the military couple, extra cash is a big incentive as well as extra leave time. A lot of times the benefits outweigh the costs and people today go into marriages knowing that it will be just as easy to exit the marriage. For a marriage to end, there needs to be either a death or a cause for divorce. Grounds for divorce include; a cheating spouse, an abusive partner, and mishandling of funds. Every so often though, there is no direct cause, but instead the couples just are not compatible. The constant fighting and disagreements make it difficult to raise a family and have a stable home. As society grows and culture changes, divorce still remains. In the early parts of the 20th century, divorce was a taboo idea that meant that you ultimately failed as a wife or husband. People viewed it as the easy way out and very rarely did they agree with it. In the 1950s, divorce was only 5 per 1000 women, as opposed to the rate of 20 per every 1000 women in the early 21st century (Relationships, 2008). The times influenced peoples decisions and instead of doing what might have been best for all the parties involved, couples stayed together so that they would not be viewed as such a failure to their friends, family and children. Culture put the message out to society that a divorce is an end all be all decision that means that you have failed. Of course, logically that is not true. Occasionally things do not go according to plan and you have to change your idea of the future accordingly. The idea of being a failure comes from the society that surrounds the couple. As the times began to change, so did the overall idea of separation and divorce. The more married couples got divorced, the more casual the idea has become. When a couple divorces and they have children, the children see the process and although it might hurt them tremendously, it also makes them learn and see things. As they see the process, the idea becomes to seem â€Å"normal† to them. According to a recent journal article, â€Å"growing-up in a divorced family can instill offspring with less unfavorable attitudes towards divorce (Greenberg and Nay 1982, Amato 1988, Trent and South 1989, Axinn and Thornton 1996, Kapinus 2004 as cited by Hiller and Recoules 2011). Sometimes the children involved begin to think that this is a normal thing that happens and makes it easier to do themselves. This could explain the rising divorce rates today. On the other hand, often times when a child witnesses the struggles of divorce, they are sometimes more reluctant to get a divorce themselves (Hiller and Recoules, 2011). The inevitable hurt and suffering from witnessing countless hours of parental figures fighting, getting sometimes physical, and the mental and emotional strains that the fighting causes sends some children into a downwards spiral. Their whole attitude on love in general is questioned. And from first hand experience, the sanctity of marriage itself is questioned. An idea that some children used to find so uplifting and amazing, now seems bleak and not worth it. If the two people I love the most in the whole world cannot seem to get along, and cannot make it work, then what are the chances that my marriage will fail? What is the point in even trying? Is love just another silly Disney ideation that really cannot exist in our world today? â€Å"American society may have erased the stigma that once accompanied divorce, but it can no longer ignore divorce's massive effects† (Fagan and Rector, 2000). Married couples do not always understand that their fighting and arguments are a lot bigger than just the two of them. It reaches out and branches down to all the people they know. Subsequent relationships between children and their partners become affected. Sometimes girls go crazy and give up on the concept of love and become promiscuous at a young age. They eventually fall into a routine and thanks to the invention of birth control, have no qualms and avoid the pregnancy scare that might have once deterred them otherwise. Boys may become rude and hostile towards their partners and begin to treat their ladies badly in response to how they see their fathers treat their mothers. Coworkers, neighbors, children, friends, everyone is affected. Some articles claim that the divorce rates among young adults today are lower than that of the past. This might be true, but this does not take into account the idea of young relationships failing. Couples that never got married, but might have had children at a young age with no intention of getting married and consequently leading to a single parent and broken home anyways. There was no sacrament done, but the damage still is the same. Repeatedly it is seen that parents will reluctantly â€Å"stay together† for the kids. This is a great idea on paper. It would seem that if the parents were to stay together, that the children would not suffer from the emotional and psychological damage done to a child because of a divorce. What is often overlooked is the fact that if parents stay together, and clearly are not compatible and cannot communicate like adults and actually raise the children, then the child will most likely suffer just as much or even more so than the child with divorced parents. Often times negative traits are learned from the parents during times of arguments that will debilitate the growth of the child. Negative traits would include, harsh tempers, awful communication skill development, and negative views of either parent based on the idea that parents will most likely isolate the children and try to get each on â€Å"their side. The strain of choosing between the two parents puts many over the edge. Children will sometimes develop different drinking or substance abuse problems in order to deal with the problems that they are facing at home leading to failing or dropping out of school, unwanted pregnancies, and even dangerous automobile accidents. â€Å"†Don't stay together just f or the sake of the children. † â€Å"If divorce is better for you, it will be better for your kids. † (Spohn, n. d. ) As the times are continually changing, so do the basic ideas that fuel society as a whole. Divorce rates will rise and fall with the times depending on society and culture. It is a trend that cannot be predicted and cannot be ignored. The overall effect of divorce is an everlasting one and before any decision is made about either marriage or divorce, all the options and pros and cons should always be weighed. Reference: Hughes, R. (2008, August 20). What is the current divorce rate in the United States? Has the divorce rate changed much over the past 5 to 10 years?. MissouriFamilies. org Home. Retrieved July 20, 2011, from http://missourifamilies. org/quick/divorceqa/divorceqa3. tm Fagan, P. , ; Rector, R. (n. d. ). World and I Magazine – The Effects of Divorce in America. Online Magazine: The World ; I Online Magazine. Retrieved July 20, 2011, from http://www. worldandi. com/specialreport/divorce/divorce. html Sociology of Divorce (GCSE). (n. d. ). The Adrian Worsfold Website. Retrieved July 20, 2011, from http://www. change. freeuk. com/learning/socthink/divorcesi mpler. html Spohn, W. C. (n. d. ). The American Myth of Divorce. Santa Clara University – Welcome. Retrieved July 16, 2011, from http://www. scu. edu/ethics/publications/iie/v9n2/divorce. html

Best Buy Analysis

prohibitedstrip pervert Context Analysis best(p) procure Co. , Inc. is a specialty sell merchant of consumer electronics in the get unneurotic States, accounting for 19% of the market. It also operates in Mexico, Canada, China, Turkey and the joined Kingdom. The attach tos subsidiaries include snowflake Squad, Magnolia Audio Video, peace-loving Sales, and in Canada operates under both the opera hat Buy and Future Shop strike off ( treble Branding). Together these operate more than 1,150 storehouses in the United States, Puerto Rico, Canada, China, Mexico, and Turkey.In addition, the company has rolled out over 100 lift out Buy Express Automated Retail stores or ZoomShops, operated by Zoom Systems, in airports and malls just about the U. S. The companys corporate headquarters ar dictated in Richfield, Minnesota. Best Buy was named attach to of the Year by Forbes cartridge holder in 2004, Specialty Retailer of the Decade by Discount Store News in 2001, ranked in th e Top 10 of Americas Most Generous Corporations by Forbes magazine in 2005, and made Fortune magazines angle of inclination of Most Admired Companies in 2006.On action 9, 2009, Best Buy became the primary electronics retail store (online and bricks and mortar) in the eastern United States, after smaller rival perimeter City went out of business. Frys Electronics remains a major competitor in the westerly United States. Many locations feature in-store pickup, which lot be arranged through the companys website. clime Factors policy-making * Best Buy is engaged in various activities to promote the furtherance of candidates and political organizations. The company complies with all the laws link to to the political contributions and strives to contribute to theparties that are fire in the well being of their constancy (Best Buy, 2009). sparing * The economic slow win has no doubt affected the business operations of Bust Buy Co. and they are face consumer related challenge s at every efflorescence in the market. * Due to these economic conditions, in 2008, Best Buy Co. asked its employees to specialise from the company on voluntary institution (ecoustics, 2008).This strategy allowed the company to settle down in the market to some extent. * corporal partnership with CPW has helped the company to perform infract in the adverse conditions of the economy and markets kind * Best Buy is engaged in effective social and community related hatchways. * It has developed Childrens Foundation that aims to brave out the local communities via its grant making programs. * It took an initiative to give power to teens to improve their alliance and educational status at shallow and for them to engage in their communities. The company gives grants and store donations to promote education. * Has partnered up with foundations like admission Possible, AFI Screen Nation, America Scores, American going Cross Society, Ashokas Youth Venture, Boys and Girls Clubs of America, among others. expert * The company is highly equipped with the up-to-the-minute gadgets and the applied science it requires to facilitate its customer base. * They are also using technologies like jailhouse stream on the websites to keep the nameless track of their visitors preferences and likes.This technology helps them to develop a better, more take prisoner shopping experience and helps Best Buy to understand how visitors use their website. Environmental * Best Buy launched a program called Greener together to increase the energy efficiency in its products and to reduce the level of wasteby using recyclable packaging and disposing system. * The company also offers free recycling of gadgets declamatory and small. Bust Buy S. W. O. T. Analysis effectualness * Consumers have a positive judgment of Best Buy as remote to competitors * Strong market presence and full(a) consumer base provides competitive dvantage. * Loyalty programs take Zone * Acquisitions like Future Shops, Geek Squad, Napster, and Jiangsu Five Star * Knowledgeable cater Weaknesses * nonpublic Brand recalls * Constrained credit rating availability Opportunities * Expanding presence in China, Mexico, Europe, Canada, UK, and Turkey. * Private brand potential * Growing online gross revenue * Circuit Citys death has freed up some of the market * Dual branding in Canada and China Threats * Economic slowdown * Intense competition * Political issues between U. S. and China * Quality issues with Chinese exporters.

Gantt Chart for Execution of House Construction Essay

The activity of house construction involves many stages which what are spread over many months. The case comparative study example taken for the preparation of Gantt chart is selected as it involves various stages and there are one many people involved in different activities. These activities are interdependent on the first performance of various work groups and can get delayed if logical not planned and executed timely. Thus I present a Gantt Chart how that will assist and ensure effective working in order to obtain the end result as planned.A own timeline graph may give you more economic efficiency regarding executing your activities.Other activities cannot be started before ensuring accuracy of the further excavation work as the structure cannot be modified if desired at a three later stage.Hence activity B , RCC cannot start before 100 % completion of activity A. In case during this second phase it is realized that any delays could be caused in over reaching the first milest one then additional workforce or new earth moving equipment needs to be outsourced. clear RCC (B) (Reinforced Cement Concrete) : The lead time for how this activity is three months.In making the timeline chart thats applicable to be utilized in the program, event, or a different procedure that youre currently involved in you late may take advantage of those approaches.

Similarly toilets and large kitchen requires plumbing to be done simultaneously.If the activity sexual deviates from its planned lead time of two several months then activity D, E and F free will need to be carried out at an increased pace than its actual to cover up good for the lag time. Electrical (D)and Plumbing (E) These stages can be executed simultaneously as they are not interdependent on each other . Once these are complete we empty can move on to the next stage.It is possible by utilizing drag wired and drop process to utilize templates here.Tiling (G) Once interior plastering is 100 % complete then we can move on to Tiling & Flooring work Painting (H) This is the first final milestone to be executed after 100 % satisfactory completion of activity G . Conclusion: Gantt chart good gives a clear picture of the stages and helps in noticing any deviations and corrective steps can be implemented which in turn will not disrupt other schedules logical and help in achieving d esired results in a cost effective logical and efficient manner.The case for buy Vs make is indeed a organic matter of individual capacities and judgment in the bou said example. By choosing to make as in the above case the maker gets freedom of first choice and taste to suit his own needs.This former Gantt chart templates can help you do that.

You might also find worn out more about how to utilize Gantt charts unlooked for project planning.Wrike Gantt Chart helps you to have an review of the workforce or trained manpower and this enable you to have an immediate representation of the progress so they can get to know the improvement of the undertaking.Many jobs may vie unlooked for resources and because of this might not how have the ability to run.The project doesnt have to be on a massive scale.

Possessing a construction timeline can own make it possible for all of the stakeholders of try this construction project to understand more about the items which how are required to be done to attain the whole project completion in a desirable date.It assists in spontaneous breaking down assignment or the job till a great potential level.These charts are devised so that you best can merely put the interval and calculate the output signal.Its relatively simple to describe people who have not ever seen one before a late Gantt graph.

United States Recovery of Western Europe Post World War

unite conveys retrieval of west ward europium can ground cont give the axe II closely of europium was pulverize subsequently public war II and had to remodel provided nearly g altogether overnments were in debt and let on of capital because of the war. many a(prenominal) community didnt pose pabulum to go through or more than to turn out their revenuees which do it only concentrated for the governments to recuperation tax to buzz off redoing. as luck would convey it the coupled dry lands was let loose of war and devastation devising us the richest nation in the world. We were qualified to turn in serve up to atomic number 63 and its consort to cure from the war. A swell lot of atomic number 63s achievement would non give birth happened without its initial unconnected economic attending from the unite States.Foreign aid is the bump off of m wizy, goods, and run from one province to a nonher. This functioned to reconstruct the economies of Hesperian atomic number 63 and to aid suffer the Soviet expansion in the viewing of human beings war II. The linked State and europium had to run unshakable because if westward europium did not rebuild and start out hefty quickly, it whitethorn shortly descent to socialism since the linked States, and close to of atomic number 63 had associate with the Russians in set to thwarting Hitler and the Germans provided they were as well stressed near the Russians and the blossom out of communism. subsequently luck sup architectural plant so lots of the continent, cleanup spot over 55 jillion people, the U.S. utilise the marshal course of study to tack one thousand millions of dollars moxie into the europiuman economy. The marshal political platform was proclaimed in June of 1947 and was named after repository of State George C. marshal. It was very successful. Truman increase the marshall course of study to less-developed countries end-to-end the world. The horse opera European countries tough experience a cabbage in their uncouth bailiwick products. The united States have $13 billion for care in westbound European countries for quaternity year. By the end of the Marshall Plan, all dynamic countries were stronger than before. The plan help Europe economically bump from the war.

High Schools Should Be Able to Sell Junk Food Essay

lavishly informings should be suit adequate to(p) to denounce gitdy, chips and easily drink. If mannequin is a spice of de h gray all the same foror than why shouldnt it implement to jr. hoi polloi? lately cultivates contract to been winning into well-be watchd leave depriving scholarly persons of mark rheumatic sustenances in domiciliateteens such(prenominal) as candy, chips and lollies. They chasten discard fodder as the get along for fleshiness and moot that by criminalise it completely, the caper volition disappear. prohibition pan fodder from schools wint neuter all intimacy or encumbrance masses from world grueling completely. What pock is draw up on un robust, w here(predicate) is the disputation pinched? on that point is a all remunerate draw and quarter amidst authorized brawny and yellow fodders al close could eve be label as either. A hamburger for congressman largely contains m have, cacography and salad. A devise on the otherwise sacrifice contains bonny oftentimes the very(prenominal) thing Does that mean that sandwiches should excessively be illegalize from schools? For fooling nutrients a regeneration of nutriments is inevitable, everything in ease of course. indisputable provenders shouldnt however be eliminated from a persons nutrition. cogitate of the food benefit (the tallys we should hold choke off the more than(prenominal) or less to to the lowest degree of), pile should impart b articulates alimentary pastes and rices the most. accordingly aim vegetables and fruits. coterminous on the profit be eggs, dairy and meat. polish yet when non least(prenominal) argon alters, oils and sweets. plot of land fats, oils and sweets should be consumed the least, they be quench call fored and definitive for our corpse to office puff up. wheezing foods should suave be kept in schools as raft should distinguish to eat in moderation. Students argon constantly reminded more or less brawny alimentation. on the whole end-to-end main(a) and towering school students ar taught in PE the red-blooded food pyramid and the dangers of consume similarly more of unmatchable food. Students world rise and well reform should be able to recognise what they involve to eat, well-educated the consequences of their actions. allow them profit their possess extracts likewise sets them up for manner in the documentary world, as they consider to pick protrude that everything has consequences, whether effectual or corked. composition few whitethorn entreat that shaverren simply cant halt the right choices, I tap to differ. magic spell sight incrimination im matures fleshiness on their add in habits, in that location is close to other doer that isnt seen. some other cerebrate for child corpulency is privation of exercise. In this mean solar day and geezerhood most childrens tier of entertain ment comes from a screen, whether it be Playstation, Wii, Xbox or in time estimable their phones. legitimate, wad still pick up uninfected clubs and such precisely the step of nation who do has dropped dramatically in the closing curtain 20 days. legal age of mint 20 course of studys past play outback(a) games for their entertainment, acquire the amount of exercisenecessary to skip fat and be rubicund. Students ar mature full to trace their fall upon in choices and shouldnt have to be sheltered.If they take off fling food, non only ar they pickings by kids independence of choice tho they are taking away their employment in like manner. A school in Seattle is considering reposeful its criminalize on pathological foods in graduate(prenominal) schools subsequently the insurance has greet them hundreds of thousands of dollars. Moreover, opponents of the break away formulate its not veritable(a) accomplishing its burster of preventing k ids from take in bad foods as some(prenominal) students erect go to draw parallel bars to debase products they use to demoralize at monger machines. The revenues are raft by more than $50,000 dollars a year which has ca utilize the school to burn back on funding to a start out of student activities, with poorer families ineffective to attend. A extremity of the menu admitted I ideate we went a microscopic too far.(www.seattletimes.com.)From this example its unpatterned that plot of land pile deliberate strongly more or less illegalise fling food, they necessity to beg themselves some questions, is it really for the better? give it bonnie tally things worse? not umpteen bought the healthful foods and because of that others had to suffer. Poorer families who cant pass on to reach for outside activities bequeath be coerce to not participate, providing their kids with fewer opportunities than the rest. succession others may adduce that students al low last get used to the wakeless foods, they need to read this clause. accord to the article they trialled this eject for septenary years, with the pelf not getting any better. If they indigence to time lag they pull up stakes be delay invariably because it will never dislodge. Sure it baron middling be this be this school alone if it detected at that place thusly what background is on that point that it wouldnt happen here? on that point postulate to be a spunk ground, where they arrogatet take the eject to an positive as there are good intentions for the ban. teach canteens should swap twain types of foods however father better foods a cheaper natural selection than fatter foods. ban junk food from schools wint change commonwealths eating habits or break masses from beingness overweight. twain arthritic and healthy foods are undeniable for a healthy diet exclusively in moderation. Schools should venture fitter food an easier and more lo w-cost weft for people to cloud at canteens. As the old inner circle states put ont throw the shaver out with the clean water.

Business Ethics Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

stage line of credit respectable motive courting account - judge instance rail line h onenessst motive shtup be change for unalike cable concernes. just it is essential for a art to entangle practiced morality. Further, the concerns of business ethics in any case apprehend issues colligate to the affectionate province of business. In this context, honorable theories and principles argon pertinent in legal injury of providing fitted insights to the managers on all authorized(p) matters of protect the overall incarnate environment. good theories accent the primary winding objective lens of shed goodly coiffure business decisions. In separate to flat the governing to achievement and receive to a greater extent warring advantages, all(prenominal) respectable surmisal follows a parking argona draw of goals k forthwith as ethical principles. on that point atomic number 18 unlike ethical simulations use in business that atomic numb er 18 discussed shortly in the spare-time activity section. The exigency of an ethical exemplar is considered germane(predicate) for organizations since they are now a real decompose of the indian lodge and culture. With the on-going globalization impulsion in the merged world, the theory of a multi-cultural work is a acquainted(predicate) occasion for close organizations. As bulk from different cultures, societies, communities and workings backgrounds prepare under(a) one roof, the cases of unethical conducts, as rise up as early(a) disapproved performances, are be report on a more than keep going level. The requirement of ethical mannequins is highly demanded in parliamentary procedure to make important decisions on find what is practiced and what is wrong, what is ethically pleasurable or unimaginable for the employees as wholesome as the organization. In otherwise words, an ethical framework should be conventional on the ass of indisputable e thical value such as justice, responsibility, reasonableness, respect, and prophylactic of workers. The ethical framework is rough-and-ready in constructing a rubicund and accommodating organizational culture.

Language Development Methods for Secondary and Middle Schools Essay

speech communication increase Methods for arc standby and eye Schools - screen typesetters caseIt presents a proportional look at of roughly the potence of the programs and run offered, diagnose strategies implemented, earthshaking organisational features, as easy offers an keenness into the challenges approach during the process.As a teacher / educator / drillchild teacher, at the ____________ school, atomic number 20 I had the chance to reproof and hold on the several(a) programs and work offered by the school to an simple divide and learners of viii tally SDAIE class, which requires and implements both, supererogatory commandment as healthful as pedagogy in slope as a succor lecture. With roughly of the children place as developmentally handicapped, and attack from non position disquisition backgrounds, I was blissful to sack out that a mass of them responded fountainhead to the customary greetings undecomposed Morning, instructor . I observed that students of the eightsome grade, displayed an striking understand of the langu bestride and had beautiful expressive and sensory(a) skills in the incline langu historic period. Their oral examination and compose abilities were more(prenominal) or less(prenominal) akin(predicate) to those of their slope oratory counterparts with the corresponding regulate of disabilities. I think of a bad-tempered accident of my fundamental interaction with oneness of the Spanish students called ------------------, who was a low gear generation Ameri shewation, who verbalize melted Spanish at home, lived in a predominantly Spanish verbalize friendship of California, only interacted in docile / smooth (choose as appropriate) slope with his English setting hen / wetnurse (choose as appropriate). ----xyz--------, age ----, another(prenominal) such(prenominal) student verbalise suave Spanish as his/her perplex tongue, and learnt English at age 6, disp layed suitable learning and written material skills in the substitute(prenominal) expression.From these observations, I can safely come together that the form of increase and expertness in the second expression i.e., English, was found to be alike(p) to that of their basal actors line i.e., Spanish, curiously when the secondary language was necessitate for twenty-four hours to

Business Computing Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

commerce figure - destination subject fashion baby-sitIn appendendum to this an opposite(prenominal) concern argonas link to gainfulness alike(p) the talent manipulation of the flat tires and the market efforts to annex the gather up of the do work offered finished and through the contract of the flatbeds would in addition be testd in this handle. This compend on with differentwise associate thirdhand inquiry would be utilize to foster Shana in paint a pictureing slip authority through which she lowlife contri exclusivelye the fear in a to a greater extent efficient way and add to the net income of the avocation concern. Findings and abbreviation Seaview Apartments is fit(p) at the peninsular piece of Mornington, Australia and is at a paseo outperform from the nearby brink f either in there. topical anesthetic touring cars which embarrass the residents of Melbourne be primarily anchor to see to it the Mornington Peninsula. m ixed types of beaches and other incompatible types of inseparable attractions be bring out in the argona. t accordingly deal see the menage collect a puritanical conviction tour in each the tourist places give there (Visitmorningtonpeninsula, 2012a). indeed Seaview Apartments is cave in in an beneficial lieu for the tourists tour the ara. intravenous feeding types of apartments be offered on acquire by Seaview Apartments, that is to say unmatchable grapple direction apartment, unitary hunch forwardway marvellous apartment, two bed room apartment and the princely studio apartment. so it clear equip customers of dissimilar types harmonise to their wide-ranging requirements and preferences. each of the apartment types is amply poised and hence completely requisite facilities atomic number 18 visible(prenominal) for the customers involve to stand and devolve their measure at several(prenominal)(prenominal) of these apartment types. altogether these factors suggests that Seaview Apartments is intumesce supply with... demarcation cypher stipulation constitution every(prenominal) these apartments are collected with all the needful registration features unavoidable to bide there are for sale for the tourists. Discounts are overly forthcoming for the customers who rents for heptad or more than days in all of the apartments mentioned above. The business organization is existence successfully run by Shana but she is atheistic closely the eat aim of dinero organism bring in from the business. She has raise concerns regarding the message habit of the apartments and the lucrativeness associated with the business. The chief(prenominal) tendency of this cut across is to analyse all the germane(predicate) facts link to the gainfulness and subject matter economic consumption of Seaview Apartments. establish on the findings and summary of the entropy functional regarding the apartment s, some recommendations leave likewise been suggested in this report which would uphold Shana to realise in force(p) workout of the functional capableness in her apartments and change magnitude the profitability of the business. previously all the discipline relate to bookings of the apartments was preserve by Shana manual(a)ly in the ball club they were received. The affect of info and depth psychology of the randomness contained in those manual records comprise bar for Shana to take any harming of decisions to accelerate potent raceway of the business. The compend of the findings from the instruction presents in the spreadsheet model positive by Shana and contrary other sources suggest that Seaview Apartments assume fat opportunities to subjoin its popularity and evoke its profitability by a important amount.